Pacifist ideas of Bertha von Suttner

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Abstract:

The second half of the 19 and early 20th century is the era of empire and war. This leads to the emergence of international peace movements. They do not achieve the ir main objectives and in 1914 on the threshold of this chaotic world were born the pacifist views of Bertha von Zunter, a member of the Austrian aristocracy and one of the fighters for peace before World War I. The main goal of my research is to follow the pacifist ideas of Bertha von Suttner as well as her role in the formation of various peace organizations: an Association with the help of the English pacifist Felix Mochele, an Inter-Parliamentary Union, the International Office of Peace in Bern, Peaceful Society in Berlin and Chicago. What is also important is her participation in both peace conferences in The Hague – in 1899 and in 1907. Furthermore, her speeches held in Rome and San Francisco greatly contributed to the peace movement. She was called the “champion of peace” what she really deserved for her novel “Down the Arms!”, which she wrote during the war and which was first published in 1889. Due to it she became known as peace activist to the end of her life.

Keywords:

peace movements, pacifist, Bertha von Zunter, Inter-Parliamentary Union, International Office of Peace, Peaceful Society, peace conferences, champion of peace, peace activist.

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