Nature and content of the specialized term „constitutional diplomacy” to the Russian policiy in the Balkans

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Abstract:

I dwell upon the appearance and the usage of the concept of „constitutional diplomacy” and „external political constitutionalism”, introduced in relation to the Russian policiy in the Balkans at the end of the eighteenth- and the beginning of the 19th century. The Russian Empire, which did not have a constitution until 1906, conducted active and successful political activity aimed at introduction of a constitutional government in the Balkan nation states which were in the process of being created – the Republic of the seven Ionian Islands, Serbia. Instrumental in this respect were V. St. Tomara (1740–1813), F. F. Ushakov (1745–1817), K. К. Rodofinkin (1760–1838). Russia steered this political course in the majority of the Balkan states during the period when the Eastern Question was just emerging. I examine the term „constitutional diplomacy” in relation to some other concepts as well: constitutionalism, Constitution, constitutional era, constitutional civilization; each concept is defined separately and is put in the same temporal context as the others.

Keywords:

constitutional diplomacy, constitutionalism, external political constitutionalism, Constitution, constitutional era, constitutional civilization, Balkan states, Republic of the seven Ionian Islands (1800–1807), Septinsular Republic (1800– 1807), Serbian state 1804–1813

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