Historical and Geospatial Changes in the Development and Location of Non-Ferrous Metallurgy in the World Until the Twenties of the Twenty-First Century

Authors:

Pages: 162-171
DOI: https://doi.org/10.54664/HRFC7423

Abstract:

As international technology advances, the demand for advanced non-ferrous alloys (aluminum, copper, nickel, zinc, etc.) increases. Non-ferrous metallurgy serves as a branch of specialization for dozens of countries around the world. Large countries in the world with a diverse geological structure and complex mineral raw material potential serve as a basis for the development of several branches of non-ferrous metallurgy. Industry is responsible for 24% of anthropogenic emissions and a quarter of total global energy consumption. There is an increase in energy efficiency by retrofitting installations and adopting best available practices and technologies in existing process stages, as well as replacing fossil fuels as energy sources with bioenergy, hydrogen, or electricity (low-emission electricity).

Keywords:

metallurgy, users, development, installations, technologies, international.

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