Study Of The Civilizations: On The Road To The Genuine Cultural Globalization (Life-giving tree of the historical and cultural development of the Humanity)

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Abstract:

The mutual knowledge and enrichment of the civilizations is the only road to the real cultural globalization of the world. During the millenaries between the Western and Eastern civilizations exist long periods of hostility due mainly to their biased ignorance. Though conditionally it could be assumed that the West expresses the rational, logical and explicit knowledge (zahir), while the East incarnates the mystical, intuitive and concealed knowledge (batin). The expression Ex Oriente lux (Sun rises in the East) means that precisely from the East appear the great prophets like Zoroaster, Buddha, Christ and Muhammed, which creeds are the branches of the Tree of the historical and cultural development of the Humanity. From an intellectual position the philosophical-religious level of establishing relations between the reality and the consciousness is the highest level of mentality, under which are structured those depending on it: meta-system, secondarydocumental, primary-documental and factological levels for physical, biological and cultural information reality. As a natural branching of the religious pictures of the world (Buddhist – Christian – Muslim), comes into being as a gigantic cycloid of the infosphere during the period of seven centuries, grew the Tree of the historic-cultural development of the Humanity, developing already 40 000 years, for which growing is necessary the ethnobiogeocenose of 4 000 000 000 years history of the geoid Earth. A naturally rooted is this branching stem of the religious culture of the Mankind, in the first universal monotheistic religion of the planet – the Zoroastrianism. The recognition of the philosophical-religious importance of the information is a postmodern rational problem, on which decision depends the building of the contemporary neoclassic information picture of the world in which are established equivalents between the products of the cultural-value consciousness (science – literature – arts – ordinary life – religion). The rational inclusion of the philosophical-religious plan into the information picture of the world in the category „long time” gives a possibility for correlation of the religious pictures of the world (Avesta – Upanishads – Bible – Holy Quran) with the rational knowledge (philosophical, historical, etc.) as parts of the universal development of the culture trends. It is shown the Tree of the historical and cultural development of the Humanity and the correlation and refinement of the Eastern and Western ideas and doctrines: Eudoxus of Cnidus and Pliny the Elder – evaluation of the Zoroastrianism; the first Ancient Greek philosophical school of Miletus (Thales, Anaximander and Anaximenes) and its relations to the wisdom of the Iranian magi; Pythagoras, Empedocles and Plato who studied the Persian sciences; Heraclitus „The Obscure” and Demokritos as disciples of the famous Persian Magus Osthana (Hustana) [author of the „Oktateuch” – Persian encyclopeadia in eight books]. The Iranian philosophical principles of Manicheism, Mazdaism and Zurvanism exert extraordinary influence on the Western world: Saint Augustine of Hippo, Richard de Saint-Victor (Book of the Twelve Patriarchs), St. Francis of Assisi and Martin Luther. The impact of Platonic and Gondeshapur (Dвneљgвh e Gondiљвpur) academies in Sassanid Empire (Iranshahr). The Renaissance of Islam (Ibn Sina, Ibn Rushd, Ferdowsо, Ibn Arabi) and the development of the Western world: Michael Scotus, a proficient in Arabic (author of Abbreviatio Avicennж), Georgios Gemistos Plethon, a proficient in Farsi (author of Summary of the Doctrines of Zoroaster and Plato). The exceptional place of two Iranian philosophers and sages Shahab ad-Din as-Suhrawardi (Shaikh al-Ishraq or Master of Illumination /1155-1191/) and Sadr ad-Dоn Muhammad Shоrвzо (Mulla Sadrв /1571-1636/). Their Philosophy of the illumination (hikmat al-ishrвq) and Transcendental theosophy (al-hikmat al-mut’aliyah) are harbingers and forefathers of the modern Western ideas like existentialism and others: F. Nietzsche, F. M. Dostoyevsky, M. Heidegger, K. Jaspers, J.-P. Sartre, A. Camus. This article presents is part of the work on research project named „Models of Cultural Heritage Socialization in a „Smart City”. The project is supported by the National Science Fund at the Bulgarian Ministry of Education and Science (MES).

Keywords:

cultural globalization – tree of the historical and cultural development of the Humanity – explicit knowledge (zahir) – tacit knowledge (batin) – rational knowledge – mystical knowledge – Iranian sources of the Human civilization – Persian and Iranian studies

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