Косовският мит ­ ретроспекции и съвременни версии

Резюме:

The Kosovo Battle on June 15 1389 is looked upon as the historical basis for the Kosovo myth. It is a “mythical” or a “mythologized” motive that is being repeated with thematically incredible, fabricated components both in folklore stories and the works of renaissance writers and painters before and after 1804 – the year of The First Serbian Uprising. The present paper puts emphasis on the Kosovo myth as a perpetual component in the cultural memory of the Serbs related to their struggle for the retaining of the Serbian State and keeping the memory of their hero Prince Lazar Hrebeljanovic with the belief that the revival of the new Serbian State will begin where it died – at Kosovo. The term “historical” myth does not exist but is proposed to represent the content of the different interpretations of professional historians of the “Kosovo myth” and the warnings caused by it. These authors, living in different historical epochs, adhere to different research and national schools and thus create polyphony in the elucidation of the myth, ensuring to a great extent objectivity of interpretation of the fall of the Serbian State, of the glorification and canonization of its defender – the martyr and hero Prince Lazar Hrebeljanovic. The Kosovo myth will be used as the background for the processes of the disintegration of former Yugoslavia and is being manipulated in the conflict of Kosovo, the territorial unity of the Serbian State and the personality of Slobodan Milosevic. When bombing former Yugoslavia (Serbia and Montenegro) in 1999, the American propaganda in films and publications points at Milosevic as the main instigator of the bombings and the conflict in Kosovo. Thus a contemporary myth was intensified in which the political career of Slobodan Milosevic is connected with the 600 commemoration of the Kosovo Battle in 1989 – that he would never give up his career as a politician, the secession of Kosovo and the disintegration of Yugoslavia. Both contemporary isolated myths, often – illusory suppositions of people for some personality, ideas or objects, and the subsequent life of Milosevic (his handing over to the International Court of Justice and his death) can be used for the creation of new mythical heroes connected with the termination of the Serbian State and the secession of Kosovo from Serbia. In spite of the seemingly external similarity between the dramatism of the contemporary social milieu and the one of the epoch of the Kosovo Battle beÄîö. ä-ð Ìàðèàíà ÉÎÂÅÂÑÊÀ (ÂÒÓ “Ñâ. ñâ. Êèðèë è Ìåòîäèé”) ÊÎÑÎÂÑÊÈßÒ ÌÈÒ ÐÅÒÐÎÑÏÅÊÖÈÈ È ÑÚÂÐÅÌÅÍÍÈ ÂÅÐÑÈÈ Assoc. Prof. Mariana YOVEVSKA, PhD (“St. Cyril and St. Methodius” University of Veliko Tarnovo) THE “KOSOVO MYTH” RETROSPECTIONS AND MODERN VERSIONS 216 tween personalities and problems 600 years apart, our careful comparison reveals that Milosevic’s great popularity is not capable of creating a contemporary myth of a “second Prince Lazar Hrebeljanovic”.

Ключови думи:

Изтегляне