The article discusses the organization and the conduction of the Slavic Congress in Russia in 1867. There are analyzed the activities of the Moscow Slavic Committee, which played a major role in the organization of the congress, the assistance of the Russian government and the work of the activists of the Slavic movement among the Western and Southern Slavs. Emphasis is placed on the activities that take place on the Balkan Peninsula and in particular in the Bulgarian lands. There are described the ways of collecting exhibits from the Bulgarian lands for the ethnographic exhibitions and the speeches of Bulgarian representatives of the congress and of their meetings in St. Petersburg and Moscow.