The present paper examines the semantics of the word äóøà as a basic theological and philosophical term in the translation of the Hexameron by Joan Ekzarh. This word expresses fundamental concepts in the field of Christian cosmogonical and anthropological ideas. Through its semantic structure and paradigmatic and syntagmatic relations the peculiarity of the conceptualization of the world in the Old-Bulgarian is found. It is an occasion for reflecting on the issue of the semantics of idioms with the component soul from different periods of the development of the lexical system.