The article is an attempt at comparing the ways in which people perceive Biblical proper names in Polish and Bulgarian translations of Gospel texts. The studied names are taken from the Gospel of St Luke and from the so-called Bible of the Millenium (Biblia Tysiclecia) and the Synodal Bible Anthroponyms, geographic and cultural denominations are compared. In the group of anthroponyms five ways are presented which are used to identify the persons in the Gospel texts. With geographic and cultural denominations which are considerably less in number, attention is drawn to the ways of rendering them in the two translations — through translation or through adaptation. The differences between the Polish and the Bulgarian translations are not many: 1) In the method of adaptation they are due to the dissimilar ways in the two languages in which the Greek words are adapted to their respective phonological and morphological systems; 2) In the method of translation differences are due to the form of the proper names consisting of a Christian name and an epithet: in Polish it is a noun in the genitive case (syn Józefa), whereas in Bulgarian it is an adjective of possession (син Иосифов); 3) A difference in the status of some cultural denominations in the two texts: in Polish it is adapted (szabat), while in Bulgarian it is translated (събота).